Bronchitis occurs when the bronchi, the large breathing tubes in the lungs, become inflamed. It can be either short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic), with most cases being mild.

Causes of Acute Bronchitis

Acute bronchitis typically develops rapidly due to a viral infection and resolves quickly. However, it can also be triggered by bacteria, dust, allergens, fumes, or smoke exposure.

In children, viral infections commonly cause acute bronchitis, often following a cold or another virus affecting the upper respiratory tract.

Risk Factors for Children

Children with chronic sinusitis, allergies, asthma, enlarged tonsils, exposure to secondhand smoke, or underlying health conditions are at a higher risk of developing acute bronchitis.

It is important for parents and caregivers to be aware of these risk factors and take necessary precautions to protect children from developing acute bronchitis. This can include ensuring proper management of chronic conditions such as allergies and asthma, avoiding exposure to secondhand smoke, and promoting a healthy lifestyle to strengthen the immune system.

Symptoms and Duration

Common signs of bronchitis include cough, vomiting, runny nose, chest congestion, body aches, chills, fever, muscle pain, wheezing, and sore throat. Symptoms typically last 7 to 14 days, with the cough persisting for 3 to 4 weeks. Seeking medical advice for an accurate diagnosis is recommended.

Diagnosis and Treatment

A healthcare provider can diagnose acute bronchitis through a health history review and physical examination. In some cases, additional tests like chest X-rays, pulse oximetry, and sputum samples may be necessary to exclude other health issues.

Management and Recovery

Antibiotics are typically not prescribed for viral-induced acute bronchitis. Treatment focuses on symptom relief through rest, hydration, and medications to alleviate fever and cough. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before administering over-the-counter cough or cold medications to children and to avoid aspirin.

In addition to medication, it is important to stay well-hydrated and get plenty of rest. Use a humidifier or steam to help ease congestion and cough. Avoid smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke, as it can worsen symptoms. In severe cases, your healthcare provider may recommend pulmonary rehabilitation or oxygen therapy to help manage symptoms and improve lung function.

Prevention and Warning Signs

Preventing the spread of viruses is crucial in avoiding acute bronchitis. This includes practicing proper cough etiquette, frequent handwashing, vaccination, and minimizing contact with sick individuals. Contact a healthcare provider if symptoms worsen or new signs emerge, particularly if a child has a high fever, difficulty keeping liquids down, reduced food and fluid intake, or decreased urine output.

Seek Urgent Care if:

If your child experiences difficulty breathing, skin discoloration, or rapid breathing, call emergency services immediately.

Additional Tips:

• Ensure your child gets plenty of rest and drinks lots of fluids to stay hydrated.
• Avoid smoking or exposing your child to secondhand smoke, as it can worsen bronchitis symptoms.
• Use a humidifier in your child’s room to help ease breathing difficulties.
• Encourage your child to cover their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of germs.
• Consult with your child’s healthcare provider to create a treatment plan tailored to their specific needs.

Key Points About Bronchitis

• Bronchitis is characterized by inflammation of the bronchi.
• It is commonly caused by viral infections in children.
• Common symptoms include cough, fever, runny nose, and body aches.
• Treatment aims to alleviate symptoms and may involve rest and appropriate medications.
• Avoid antibiotic use unless a bacterial infection is confirmed.

It is important to be honest and open with your healthcare provider about your symptoms, medical history, and any medications you are taking. This will help them make an accurate diagnosis and recommend the appropriate treatment for your condition.

It can be helpful to keep a journal of your symptoms, including when they occur, how long they last, and any factors that seem to trigger or alleviate them. This information can provide valuable insight for your healthcare provider and aid in the decision-making process.

Remember to ask questions during your consultation if there is anything you do not understand or if you need further clarification. Your healthcare provider is there to help you, so do not hesitate to seek clarification or express any concerns you may have.

Follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations for treatment and follow-up care to ensure the best possible outcome for your health. If you have any concerns or experience any unexpected side effects from your treatment, be sure to contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Latest Updates on Influenza and Other Illnesses

• Cough: A common symptom of many respiratory illnesses, including influenza and COVID-19.
• Coronavirus (COVID-19): A global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
• Influenza: A contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses.
• Childhood Illnesses: Various illnesses that commonly affect children, such as chickenpox and ear infections.
• Sore Throat: A common symptom of many illnesses, often caused by viral infections.
• Respiratory System: The organs and tissues involved in breathing, including the lungs and airways.
• Nasal Congestion: Blockage or stuffiness in the nasal passages, often caused by inflammation or infection.
• Post-Nasal Drip: When excess mucus drips down the back of the throat, causing coughing or throat irritation.
• Nasal decongestants: Medications that help relieve nasal congestion by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages.
• Cough and cold medicines: Over-the-counter medications that help alleviate symptoms of cough, cold, and flu.

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Additional Educational Resources on Coughs and Colds

• Cough
• Coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Influenza
• Childhood Illnesses
• Sore Throat
• Respiratory System
• Nasal Congestion
• Post-Nasal Drip
• Nasal decongestants
• Cough and cold medicines

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• Learn about assistance options available nearby
• Request a virtual health consultation through Pregnancy Birth and Baby

Source(s):

Last reviewed: November 2023