Symptoms typically emerge 1 to 3 weeks following recovery from a viral illness such as the flu or chickenpox.
- Persistent vomiting
- Increased drowsiness and fatigue
- Confusion
- Behavioral changes like irritability or aggression
- Rapid breathing and elevated heart rate
- Seizures
- Loss of consciousness
Reye’s syndrome predominantly affects children aged 5 to 14.
While younger and older children can also be affected, occurrences in infants under 1 year and individuals over 18 are extremely rare.
It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you suspect Reye’s syndrome, as it can be a life-threatening condition if not treated promptly.
Recognizing Symptoms
- Experiencing seizures
- Difficulty in breathing
- Confusion
- Limp or unresponsive behavior
- Loss of consciousness
- Fast heartbeat
- Weakness or numbness in certain body parts
- Nausea or vomiting
- Severe headache
What to Look For
- Your child continues to vomit
- Your child appears drowsy or lacks energy
- Your child’s behavior is not typical – showing signs of irritability or aggression
Assess symptoms online (for children aged 5 and above) or seek medical advice (for children under 5).
Inform the GP or healthcare provider if your child has recently had an infection or has taken aspirin.
Testing and Diagnosis
If there are concerns about Reye’s syndrome, your child will undergo diagnostic tests.
Testing may involve:
- Blood and urine analyses
- CT scan and EEG
- Lumbar puncture
- Liver biopsy
Additional tests may be done to rule out other potential causes of symptoms, such as viral infections or metabolic disorders. It is important to work closely with healthcare providers to determine the most appropriate course of testing and treatment for your child.
Treatment in Hospital
Hospitalization is necessary for the treatment of Reye’s syndrome in children.
Treatment options may encompass:
- Assisted breathing
- Intravenous fluids
- Medications to address symptoms
Early intervention often leads to full recovery in most cases.
Causes and Prevention
The exact cause of Reye’s syndrome remains unknown.
Its association with salicylates, notably aspirin, in individuals under 16 is recognized.
Occasionally, children with a rare genetic disorder can develop Reye’s syndrome.
Prevention Tips
Minimize the risk of Reye’s syndrome in your child.
Consider vaccination for your child.
Avoid giving aspirin to children under 16.
Avoid administering medications containing salicylic acid to children under 16.
Page last reviewed: 14 September 2023
Next review due: 14 September 2026