Fever occurs when the body temperature rises due to an infection, while hyperthermia is a high body temperature without the temperature set point being reset.
There are various sites where body temperature can be measured, with oral and rectal measurements being common. Digital thermometers are preferred over glass thermometers.
Oral temperatures above 99°F (37°C) in the morning or 100.4°F (38°C) later in the day are considered elevated. Rectal and ear temperatures are slightly higher than oral temperatures, while skin temperatures are lower.
Many people often use the term “fever” to describe feeling excessively warm, cold, or sweaty.
Some individuals, such as the very young, elderly, or those with alcohol use disorder, may have difficulty generating a fever.
It is important to monitor body temperature changes closely, especially during times of illness or extreme weather conditions. Proper hydration and rest are essential in managing fever and hyperthermia.
Impact of Symptoms on Body During Fever
Symptoms during fever are usually a result of the underlying condition causing the fever rather than the fever itself.
Temporary spikes in body temperature are generally well-tolerated and can aid in fighting infections by stimulating antibody production.
For adults with heart or lung issues, moderate fever can be risky, while individuals with dementia may experience worsened mental status due to fever.
Severe temperature elevations can lead to organ failure and are commonly caused by severe infections or specific medications.
In healthy children, fever can sometimes trigger febrile seizures.
Pyrogens and Their Role in Causing Fever
Substances that induce fever are known as pyrogens and can be generated internally or introduced from external sources.
Internally produced pyrogens are typically developed by monocytes and macrophages.
Infections, inflammatory disorders, and certain medications can all be responsible for causing fever.
Common Infections Leading to Fever
Fever is commonly a symptom of infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
Most respiratory and gastrointestinal infections are often viral in nature.
Underlying Conditions Leading to Fever
Various types of cancer, including leukemia, lymphoma, and kidney cancer, can result in fever.
Other underlying conditions that can lead to fever include infections such as influenza, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and meningitis.
Inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus can also cause fever as a symptom.
Additionally, certain medications, such as antibiotics or anti-seizure drugs, can sometimes induce a fever as a side effect.
Inflammatory Disorders and Other Causes of Fever
Inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and giant cell arteritis can cause fever, as can allergic reactions and certain medications.
Other factors that may contribute to fever include inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, malignancies, and side effects of certain medications.
It is important for doctors to conduct a thorough evaluation to determine the specific cause of fever in order to provide appropriate treatment.
In some cases, additional tests such as blood tests, imaging studies, or cultures may be necessary to identify the underlying cause of the fever.
It is essential to seek medical attention if fever is persistent, high, or accompanied by severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, chest pain, or confusion.
Diagnosing Infections Associated with Fever
Doctors diagnose infections by evaluating medical history, conducting physical exams, and using diagnostic tests like chest x-rays.
Signs like altered mental state or low blood pressure in individuals with acute fever may indicate a need for immediate medical attention.
Warning Signs and Seeking Medical Assistance
Warning signs during fever include changes in mental function or rapid heart rate, necessitating a visit to the doctor.
Individuals without warning signs should seek medical help if the fever persists beyond 24 to 48 hours.
Consult a healthcare professional if the fever lasts more than 3 or 4 days, regardless of other symptoms.
Diagnostic Process for Fever Causes
Doctors inquire about symptoms, medical history, and conduct physical exams to determine the cause of fever and necessary tests.
Various symptoms and factors like recent travel, exposure to infections, and environmental influences can help in diagnosing the cause of fever.
Seeking medical advice is crucial in managing fever and associated symptoms effectively.
Avoid exacerbating fever symptoms through excessive sweating or physical exertion.
Stay hydrated and give your body ample time to recover from a fever before resuming regular activities.
Recovery Process and Considerations
The time required to return to normal sweating levels post-fever varies depending on the cause and individual activity level.
Factors like medication side effects or medical conditions can contribute to night sweats, warranting further medical evaluation.
If concerns persist or symptoms worsen, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
Recognizing symptoms and seeking appropriate medical care is crucial in managing fever and associated conditions effectively.
Connect with Vinmec International General Hospital in Vietnam for comprehensive medical care delivered by skilled professionals in a comfortable environment.
For more information or to schedule an appointment, contact the HOTLINE or book online HERE. Utilize the MyVinmec app for convenient appointment management.