Some infants may become extra irritable due to colic, gas, or allergies.

Fussiness can be challenging for both parents and babies, but it’s a natural way for them to express discomfort.

Causes of fussiness can range from hunger, overstimulation, to diaper rash.

Colic in Babies

Healthy babies may experience increased crying due to colic, a common issue in infants aged between six weeks and four months.

Colic is characterized by relentless crying, clenched fists, and excessive passing of gas.

Possible Colic Causes

The exact reasons for colic remain unclear but could be related to overstimulation and learning self-soothing techniques.

Other factors such as digestive issues or a sensitive temperament may also contribute to colic.

Ways to Soothe a Colicky Baby

To calm a colicky baby, techniques like rocking, offering a pacifier, or swaddling can be beneficial.

Some parents find that gentle motion, white noise, or a warm bath can help soothe a colicky baby.

It’s important to consult with a healthcare provider if colic symptoms persist or if you have concerns about your baby’s well-being.

Gas Issues in Babies

Newborns may experience discomfort from gas problems, leading to bloating and pressure.

Dealing with Gas

Gas is usually harmless and results from an immature digestive system in babies.

Tips to Ease Gas Discomfort

To alleviate gas discomfort, burp the baby regularly, incorporate tummy time, and avoid overfeeding.

Baby’s Allergies

An allergy to cow’s milk protein can cause fussiness, vomiting, and diarrhea in infants.

Seek Medical Advice

If you suspect your baby has a cow’s milk protein allergy, consult your pediatrician for further guidance.

Managing Baby Fussiness

It’s common for babies to exhibit fussiness at various times, especially in the evenings due to different factors.

Here are some tips to help manage your baby’s fussiness:

• Try gentle rocking or swaying to help soothe your baby
• Offer a pacifier or comfort object for your baby to suck on
• Create a calm and quiet environment for your baby to help them relax
• Check for any signs of discomfort such as a dirty diaper or hunger
• Try gentle massage or skin-to-skin contact with your baby
• If your baby continues to be fussy, consult with your pediatrician to rule out any underlying medical issues

When to Consult a Doctor

Fussiness in babies is typical, but if your baby displays concerning symptoms, seek advice from a medical professional.

Dealing with Colic and Allergies

If your baby is fussy due to colic or cow’s milk protein allergy, consider Nutramigen® with probiotic LGG® Infant Formula.

What is Colic?

Colic is a common condition in infants where they experience frequent, prolonged periods of crying and fussiness. The exact cause of colic is unknown, but it is often related to digestive issues or sensitivity to certain foods.

Understanding Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy

Cow’s milk protein allergy is a common allergy in infants where their immune system reacts to proteins found in cow’s milk. This can cause symptoms such as fussiness, gas, and digestive discomfort.

Nutramigen® with Probiotic LGG® Infant Formula

Nutramigen® with probiotic LGG® Infant Formula is specially designed for babies with colic or cow’s milk protein allergy. It is hypoallergenic and easy to digest, providing relief for fussy babies.

Factors to Consider with Baby Formula

Baby formula is specially formulated from modified cow’s milk to meet the nutritional needs of infants and differs from regular cow’s milk.

Types of Baby Formulas

Stage 1 formulas are suitable for babies up to 6 months, while stage 2 formulas cater to older infants, although not mandatory.

There are also specialized formulas available for babies with specific dietary needs, such as lactose-free formulas for babies with lactose intolerance or hypoallergenic formulas for babies with allergies. It is important to consult with a pediatrician before introducing any new formula to your baby’s diet.

Quality Standards of Baby Formulas

All baby formulas in Australia adhere to strict quality standards and offer essential nutrients for healthy development.

Considerations for Baby Formula

While some formulas mimic breastmilk, added ingredients may not act the same way in a baby’s body.

• Important for brain and nerve development, but evidence is inconclusive on the effectiveness of certain formula ingredients.
• Source of vitamin A and antioxidants, yet unclear if betacarotene formulas provide added benefits.
• Probiotics can promote healthy gut bacteria in formula-fed infants, potentially reducing digestive issues.

Choosing the Right Baby Formula

Cow’s Milk-based Formula: Recommended for infants under 12 months; preferred over soy-based or lactose-free formulas.

Soy-based Formula: Suitable for babies with dairy allergies; considered safe despite concerns about phytoestrogens.

Hydrolysed Formula: Breaks down milk proteins for easier digestion; available in partially or extensively hydrolyzed forms based on baby’s needs.

Prethickened Formula and Thickening Agents: Used for babies with reflux issues under medical supervision.

Homemade Formula: Not recommended due to potential nutrient imbalances.

Important Tips for Baby Formula

Stick to one type of baby formula unless necessary to avoid confusion. Always follow the instructions on the new formula label carefully.

Consult healthcare professionals before switching formulas.

It is important to properly measure and mix the baby formula according to the instructions provided. Use clean bottles and utensils to prepare and feed the formula to your baby.

Store opened baby formula containers in a cool, dry place and use them within the recommended time frame to ensure the quality of the product.

Be observant of any signs of allergic reactions or intolerance in your baby when feeding them formula. Consult a healthcare provider if you notice any unusual symptoms.

Transitioning from Formula

After 12 months, babies no longer need formula. Introduce solid food and cow’s milk as a drink at this stage to prevent fussy eating habits.

Start introducing a cup for drinking around 6 months and aim to wean off the bottle by 12 months.

Recognizing Baby Colic

If your otherwise healthy baby cries inconsolably for extended periods on multiple days, it could indicate colic, which typically resolves by 3-4 months.

Signs of Colic

• Extended crying spells
• Physical cues like clenched fists, arched back
• Red or flushed face
• Inconsolable behavior
• Possible triggers like hunger, discomfort, or reflux

If crying occurs during or after feeds, consider reflux and seek professional advice.

Relieving Colic Symptoms

Natural Remedies

Burping your baby frequently during and after feeds can help alleviate colic symptoms.

Feeding Techniques

Positioning your baby upright during bottle feeds can reduce air swallowing, and using anti-colic bottles can prevent air pockets from forming.

Other Soothing Measures

Experiment with warm baths, gentle tummy massages, holding your baby close, and changing the environment to provide comfort.

Limit noise and stimulation to prevent overstimulation. Seek support from fellow parents for additional guidance.

Understanding Colic Challenges

Colic can affect as many as 1 in 5 babies, irrespective of their feeding method.

Colic is characterized by excessive crying and fussiness in babies, typically starting around 2 weeks of age and peaking at around 6 weeks. The exact cause of colic is still unknown, but it is believed to be related to gastrointestinal discomfort or an immature digestive system. Common symptoms of colic include crying for more than three hours a day, inability to be soothed, and clenching of fists. It can be a challenging and stressful time for both the baby and the parents.

Although colic can be frustrating, it is usually temporary and most babies outgrow it by the time they are 3 to 4 months old. In the meantime, there are some strategies that may help alleviate colic symptoms, such as swaddling the baby, playing white noise, and gentle rocking or massage. It is important for parents to seek support and take breaks when needed, as caring for a colicky baby can be exhausting.

Seeking Guidance

Although the causes of colic remain unclear, it may be related to digestive issues or food allergies. Consult your GP before making dietary changes for your baby.

Support for Parents

Caring for a colicky baby can be challenging, but remember that this phase is temporary. It’s important to reach out for support when you need it. Here are some additional resources that may be helpful:

• Join a local parents’ group or online community for support and advice
• Consider speaking with a lactation consultant or pediatrician for guidance on feeding techniques
• Take breaks when you can and prioritize self-care to prevent burnout
• Remember that it’s okay to ask for help and that you are not alone in facing these challenges

Get Expert Advice

Subscribe to receive NHS-approved advice tailored to your pregnancy or baby’s developmental stage.

Overview of Baby Formula

Infant formula, made from dried milk powder, serves as an alternative nutrition source to breast milk. Most formulas consist of cow’s milk with added nutrients like vitamins, minerals, and fats.

Prepare formula by mixing the powder with cooled boiled water and offer it to your baby in a bottle. Formula supports infant growth until the introduction of solid foods around 6 months.

Cow’s milk is the primary protein source in the majority of infant formulas.

Important Considerations

Babies under 12 months should not consume cow’s milk as their primary source due to potential digestion issues and low iron levels. Small amounts can be introduced in food after 6 months.

Breast Milk vs. Formula

Both breast milk and formula are complete foods for babies, but breast milk offers additional benefits like antibodies for illness protection and tailored nutritional content.

It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before making a decision on whether to use formula or breastfeed. They can provide guidance on the best option for you and your baby’s needs.

Choosing Baby Formula

Reasons to opt for formula may include insufficient breast milk production, health conditions, returning to work, or personal preferences. Mixed feeding is an option if breastfeeding challenges arise.

Types of Infant Formulas

Infant formulas are primarily cow’s milk-based with added nutrients. They can be milk-based, soy-based, or specialized formulas mimicking breast milk compounds. Different types cater to varying age groups.

Babies no longer require formula after 12 months.

Selecting the Right Formula

• Prioritize cow’s milk-based formula if not breastfeeding.
• Price does not equate to quality.
• Choose based on protein content and age suitability.
• Consider any specific dietary needs or allergies your baby may have.
• Consult with your pediatrician before making a decision.

Seeking Professional Guidance

Consulting healthcare providers before switching baby formulas is crucial for receiving expert recommendations. Healthcare providers, such as pediatricians and lactation consultants, can offer personalized advice based on your baby’s specific needs and dietary requirements.

They can also provide guidance on potential allergies or intolerances your baby may have, helping you make an informed decision when choosing a new formula. By seeking professional guidance, you can ensure that your baby’s nutritional needs are met and minimize the risk of any adverse reactions.

Phase-out of Formula

After 12 months, transition your baby to solid foods and cow’s milk as their primary drink to avoid dependency on formula, which could lead to picky eating habits.

Encourage the use of a cup from around 6 months and aim to discontinue bottle feeding by 12 months.

• Avoid frequently changing baby formula brands.

Can babies be allergic to formula?

Some infants may have an allergy to cow’s milk-based formula. In such cases, a hydrolysed formula with broken-down cow’s milk protein may be recommended instead.

How can I tell when my baby is hungry?

Recognize signs of hunger in babies and learn about feeding cues and appropriate intake.

How to prepare formula

Follow the correct steps for preparing baby formula and bottle feeding.

How to make formula

Get tips on how to properly store prepared formula and water.

Preparation and hygiene tips

Always use clean and sterilized bottles, and prepare fresh formula as needed to prevent contamination. Follow recommended storage and preparation guidelines.

Resources and support

Safely warm baby formula using approved methods. Adhere to instructions on the tin to avoid issues such as poor growth or constipation.

If you are unsure about the correct amount of formula for your baby, seek advice from your child health nurse. They can offer guidance on the appropriate quantity based on your baby’s age and weight.

For more information on different types of infant formula, visit Sydney Children’s Hospital.

Speak to a maternal child health nurse

Contact Pregnancy, Birth and Baby to speak with a maternal child health nurse at 1800 882 436 or arrange a video call. Services are available from 7am to midnight (AET) every day of the week.